En México, la enseñanza de valores humanos que permiten la convivencia armónica entre las personas y su entorno, es decir, valores morales (respeto, solidaridad, equidad, tolerancia, entre otros) y valores ecológicos (respeto y cuidado del medio ambiente), se lleva a cabo en educación básica en materias como educación cívica y ética. Sin embargo, es indiscutible la crisis de valores humanos que existe en la población mexicana, además, en un estudio internacional, los niños mexicanos obtuvieron muy bajo desempeño en conocimiento cívico. Una alternativa de solución para esta problemática es compartir masivamente contenido educativo, que por su temática permita fomentar estos valores humanos a edades tempranas. La permacultura, como una disciplina sistémica que involucra principios de cuidado de la gente y cuidado del ambiente, es el tópico ideal para fomentar el cultivo de valores morales y ecológicos. Las Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación permiten el acceso en cualquier lugar y momento, por lo que, aunado a las técnicas pedagógicas apropiadas, representan una herramienta de apoyo educativo primordial. En este trabajo de tesis se desarrollaron objetos de aprendizaje sobre permacultura, diseñados para niños entre 9 y 11 años, utilizando el modelo de diseño instruccional para e-learning, ADDIE: Análisis, Diseño, Desarrollo, Implementación y Evaluación.
Abstract
Learning is important in various stages of development of all human activity part and it is necessary to bear in certain stages of learning, computing plays an important role as a means for teaching. With the advent of the internet network a world of open information accessible anywhere and at any time there is communication. With this network creative possibilities for education, new forms of remote learning, teaching materials and new teaching and assessment techniques are also open.
The use of technology for educational support is effective to be supported in cognitive psychology, to research how people learn and efficient and effective ways to learn. These models develop learning modules that provide results for this emphasis on the creative development of teaching strategies.
Sophisticated teaching intelligent and expert systems applied to medicine, aeronautics, mathematics, physics, etc. tutoring systems have been very effective in their cognitive educational purpose, labor and research but education is a holistic systemic process is formative , psycho-emotional and relates to its environment with people who influence their attitudes, influenced by sociocultural relations, composed of ethical factors, moral principles, labor relations group, political norms and customs.
The proposal of this thesis is to apply the ADDIE methodology and software authoring tools for the development of learning object-oriented applied to children aged 9 to 11 years with activities that cultivate permaculture values. It is proposed to permaculture because it allows the cultivation of values in any geographical context and because it is known through several communications media of a crisis of values, violence, disrespect, dishonesty, misconduct, corruption and bad attitudes of leaders social and political. Learning objects made with this issue may be classified, stored and managed in a repository (LMS) and because of its features may remain available, used and shared with any educational discipline, anywhere that is connected to the Internet network.
